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César Chesneau, sieur Dumarsais or Du Marsais (July 17, 1676 – June 11, 1756) was a French ''philosophe'', grammarian and contributor to the Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers''.〔(Frank A. Kafker: ''Notices sur les auteurs des dix-sept volumes de « discours » de l'Encyclopédie. Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie.'' 1989, Volume 7, Numéro 7, S. 138 )〕 . He was a prominent figure in what became known as the Enlightenment, and contributed to Diderot’s ''Encyclopédie''. Born in Marseille, Dumarsais trained in Paris as a lawyer, before abandoning the bar to pursue the life of the mind, subsisting on occasional law students and later on the meager revenue from a ''pension'' in the city's Faubourg-Saint Victor. He wrote clandestine tracts in favour of freethought, attacked the French church in books and pamphlets, and proposed, to no avail, a reform of French orthography. He died infirm; in the words of a eulogy penned for the ''Encyclopédie'' by D'Alembert, "he lived poor and ignored by the fatherland he had taught". Principal works include ''Méthode raisonné pour apprendre la langue latine'' (1722) and ''Principes de grammaire'' (1769). ''Traité des Tropes'' (1730) was an influential early attempt to generate a philosophical theory of figurative language. A seven-volume French edition of his complete known works was published in 1797. ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「César Chesneau Dumarsais」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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